Cubism, Futurism and Constructivism / J. M. Nash

No Index.

Cubism, Futurism, and Constructivism were three major modern art movements that transformed European art in the early 20th century. Cubism, led by Picasso and Braque, broke objects into geometric shapes and multiple viewpoints, rejecting traditional perspective and representing reality as a fragmented, analytical experience. Futurism, originating in Italy, celebrated speed, technology, and modern life, using dynamic lines and repeated forms to convey motion and energy. Constructivism, emerging in post-revolutionary Russia, believed art should serve society and industry, emphasizing geometric construction, industrial materials, and functional design in architecture, sculpture, and graphic art. Together, these movements shifted art away from mere representation toward abstraction, modernity, and social purpose.